What is the full meaning of rubella?

Rubella (German Measles, Three-Day Measles) Rubella is a contagious disease caused by a virus. Most people who get rubella usually have a mild illness, with symptoms that can include a low-grade fever, sore throat, and a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.

What is rubella in pregnancy?

Rubella is a contagious viral infection best known by its distinctive red rash. It’s also called German measles or three-day measles. This infection may cause mild or no symptoms in most people. However, it can cause serious problems for unborn babies whose mothers become infected during pregnancy.

What if rubella test is positive?

A positive test is 1.0 or higher. That means you have rubella antibodies in your blood and are immune to future infection. A negative test is 0.7 or lower. You have too few antibodies to make you immune.

What type of virus is rubella?

The Virus. Rubella virus is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus classified as a Rubivirus in the Matonaviridae family.

Does rubella affect pregnancy?

Pregnant women who contract rubella are at risk for miscarriage or stillbirth, and their developing babies are at risk for severe birth defects with devastating, lifelong consequences. CRS can affect almost everything in the developing baby’s body. The most common birth defects from CRS can include: Deafness.

How common is rubella in pregnancy?

You’re more likely to pass rubella to your baby the earlier you become infected during pregnancy. For example: If you get rubella in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, your baby has an 8 to 9 in 10 chance (85 percent) of getting infected. This is a very high chance.

What is a normal rubella test result?

Reference Range: 7 IU/mL or less: Negative – No significant level of detectable rubella IgG antibody. 8-9 IU/mL: Equivocal – Repeat testing in 10-14 days may be helpful. 10 IU/mL or greater: Positive – IgG antibody to rubella detected, which may indicate a current or previous exposure/immunization to rubella.

When is rubella test done in pregnancy?

Rubella NAAT: Testing should be performed as soon as possible after the start of symptoms. Ideally, sample collection should happen one to three days after symptoms develop, but no later than seven days after the start of a fever and rash.

Can a baby be born with rubella?

When a baby is born with rubella, the infection is called congenital rubella. In congenital rubella, a woman infected during the first 16 weeks (particularly the first 8 to 10 weeks) of pregnancy passes the virus to the fetus through the placenta (the organ that provides nourishment to the fetus).

How do you get pregnant?

The sperm enters the body through the vagina, then travels through the cervix and womb to the fallopian tubes, where the egg is usually fertilised (conception). The egg can be fertilised by sperm contained in semen or pre-ejaculate.

Is rubella serious in pregnancy?

Rubella is very dangerous for a pregnant woman and her developing baby. Anyone who is not vaccinated against rubella is at risk of getting the disease.

Can rubella affect pregnancy?

While for most people, rubella is usually mild, it is very dangerous for the unborn child of a pregnant woman. If a pregnant woman catches rubella, it can cause a miscarriage, stillbirth or serious birth defects. In rare cases, rubella can cause arthritis, other forms of joint pain or other rare complications.

What is rubella IgM negative in pregnancy?

Rubella IgM indicates current or very recent infection; IgM NEGATIVE means that the patient does not have a new infection. IgM POSITIVE usually means a new or recent infection with the Rubella virus, although in rare cases IgM may persist for years after a previous infection or immunisation.

What is rubella vaccine before pregnancy?

The best protection against rubella is the MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine. If you aren’t up to date with the MMR vaccine, you’ll need it before you get pregnant. Make sure you have a pre-pregnancy blood test to see if you are immune to the disease.

Can rubella cause death?

Measles and Rubella can cause death. Measles kills over 568 people a day, mostly children. Over 207,500 people lost their lives to measles in 2019. Measles infections can cause subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). 30% of children affected with congenital rubella syndrome die.

How can rubella spread?

How is rubella spread? Rubella is spread by direct contact with nasal or throat secretions of infected individuals. Rubella can also be transmitted by breathing in droplets that are sprayed into the air when an infected person sneezes, coughs or talks.

Can a virgin get pregnant?

Any girl who has unprotected vaginal intercourse runs the risk of becoming pregnant, whether it’s her first time having sex or the 100th time. It’s even possible to become pregnant before ever having a period. Pregnancy can happen when ejaculate or pre-ejaculate gets in the vagina or on the vulva.

How long after rubella can I get pregnant?

Because a risk to the fetus from administration of these live virus vaccines cannot be excluded for theoretical reasons, women should be counseled to avoid becoming pregnant for 28 days after vaccination with measles or mumps vaccines or MMR or other rubella-containing vaccines.

How long will rubella last?

The rubella rash usually lasts 3 days. Lymph nodes may be swollen for a week or more, and joint pain can last for more than 2 weeks. Children who have rubella usually recover within 1 week, but adults may take longer.

When is the best time to get pregnant?

Pregnancy is technically only possible if you have sex during the five days before ovulation or on the day of ovulation. But the most fertile days are the three days leading up to and including ovulation. Having sex during this time gives you the best chance of getting pregnant.

Does rubella affect fertility?

Pregnancy should be delayed for a period of 28 days after the mother is vaccinated against rubella. Since rubella causes a range of birth defects in babies, fertility specialists are extremely cautious about rubella immunity testing and vaccinating before they start the fertility treatment.